病人醫生對話英語口語
摘要
在國外就醫或遇到外籍醫生時,“聽不懂、說不出”幾乎是所有人的噩夢:想描述頭痛卻只會說“headache”,醫生問“什么時候開始疼”時支支吾吾,最后只能靠比劃和翻譯軟件“猜謎”。其實,就醫英語溝通沒那么難——掌握核心場景的實用句型,提前準備關鍵信息,就能避免90%的尷尬和誤解。這篇文章整理了從掛號到復診的6大高頻場景,每個場景都有“痛點分析+真實對話+必學句型+避坑指南”,看完就能直接用,下次見醫生再也不用慌。
一、掛號:別讓“第一關”就卡殼
核心痛點:不知道怎么說“掛什么科”,分不清“預約”和“ walk-in”,前臺問“癥狀”時腦子一片空白。
實用對話示例
Patient:Excuse me, I need to see a doctor. I have a bad stomachache.
(你好,我需要看醫生,我胃痛得厲害。)
Receptionist:Do you have an appointment?
(你有預約嗎?)
Patient:No, it’s an emergency. Can I get a walk-in?
(沒有,是緊急情況,能直接看嗎?)
Receptionist:Sure. Which department? Maybe gastroenterology?
(可以。掛什么科?消化內科嗎?)
Patient:Yes, I think so. And I have travel insurance. Do I need to show it?
(對,應該是。我有旅行保險,需要出示嗎?)
必學句型(直接背!)
預約/掛號:
I’d like to make an appointment with Dr. Smith.(我想預約史密斯醫生。)
I need to register for a walk-in visit.(我要掛急診/現場號。)
說科室:
Pediatrics(兒科)/ Dermatology(皮膚科)/ Orthopedics(骨科)
I’m not sure which department. My symptom is...(不確定掛什么科,我的癥狀是...)
保險/個人信息:
Here’s my insurance card and ID.(這是我的保險卡和身份證。)
Do I need to fill out any forms?(需要填表格嗎?)
避坑指南
提前查好科室英文:比如“感冒發燒”掛General Practice(全科),“過敏”掛Allergy,別等前臺問了才現查。
說“緊急”別用“urgent”:口語里說“It’s an emergency”更直接,對方會優先安排。
二、描述癥狀:別只說“不舒服”,要學會“精準吐槽”
核心痛點:最容易卡殼的環節!想說“嗓子又干又痛,吞口水像吞玻璃”,結果只會說“My throat hurts”,醫生根本抓不住重點。
3個維度幫你說清楚癥狀(附例子)
1. 哪里不舒服?(部位+具體位置)
別只說“stomachache”,試試:
My lower abdomen hurts.(小腹疼)
The pain is around my left temple.(左邊太陽穴疼)
2. 怎么個疼法?(性質+程度)
學會這些詞,醫生秒懂:
Dull pain(鈍痛,像被打了一拳悶悶的疼)
Stabbing pain(刺痛,像針扎一樣)
Throbbing pain(跳痛,一跳一跳的疼,比如頭痛)
It’s a 7 out of 10.(10分滿分,現在疼7分)
3. 什么時候開始?有沒有加重/緩解因素?
關鍵信息別漏:
It started yesterday morning after eating spicy food.(昨天早上吃完辣的開始疼。)
It gets worse when I cough.(咳嗽時更疼。)
Resting makes it better.(休息會緩解。)
實用對話示例
Doctor:What seems to be the problem?
(怎么不舒服?)
Patient:I have a sore throat and a fever. The throat feels dry and it’s a stabbing pain when I swallow. It started two days ago, and the fever went up to 38.5 last night.
(我嗓子疼還發燒。嗓子干,吞口水時像針扎一樣疼。兩天前開始的,昨晚燒到38.5度。)
Doctor:Any other symptoms? Like a runny nose or cough?
(還有別的癥狀嗎?比如流鼻涕或咳嗽?)
Patient:No runny nose, but I’ve been coughing a little since this morning.
(不流鼻涕,但今天早上開始有點咳嗽。)
必學句型(直接套用模板)
My [部位] feels [感覺],and it’s [性質] pain.
(我的[部位]感覺[感覺],是[性質]的疼。)
It started [時間],and [加重/緩解因素].
([時間]開始的,[加重/緩解因素]。)
避坑指南
別夸大也別縮小:說“疼到睡不著”比“特別疼”更具體,醫生能判斷嚴重程度。
過敏史必須說:“I’m allergic to penicillin.”(我對青霉素過敏),避免用藥風險!
三、醫生問診:聽懂“靈魂拷問”,別只會說“Yes/No”
核心痛點:醫生問“Have you had this before?”“Any family history of...?”時,反應不過來,要么答非所問,要么干脆沉默。
醫生常問的5類問題(附回答模板)
1. 病史相關
Doctor:Have you experienced this symptom before?
(以前有過這種癥狀嗎?)
Patient:Yes, last year, but it went away after taking medicine. / No, this is the first time.
(有,去年有過,吃藥后好了。/ 沒有,第一次。)
2. 生活習慣
Doctor:Do you smoke or drink alcohol?
(抽煙喝酒嗎?)
Patient:I smoke about 5 cigarettes a day. / I don’t drink at all.
(一天抽5根煙。/ 完全不喝酒。)
3. 用藥情況
Doctor:Are you taking any medication now?
(現在在吃什么藥嗎?)
Patient:Yes, I take aspirin for headaches sometimes. / No, I’m not on any meds.
(有,偶爾吃阿司匹林治頭痛。/ 沒有,沒吃藥。)
4. 家族病史
Doctor:Any family history of high blood pressure?
(家里有人高血壓嗎?)
Patient:My father has high blood pressure.
(我爸爸有高血壓。)
5. 過敏情況
Doctor:Any allergies to food or medicine?
(對食物或藥物過敏嗎?)
Patient:I’m allergic to seafood. It makes me break out in a rash.
(對海鮮過敏,吃了會起疹子。)
避坑指南
沒聽懂就問:別硬撐!說“Could you repeat that?”(能再說一遍嗎?)或“Could you explain what that means?”(能解釋一下是什么意思嗎?),醫生不會不耐煩。
帶個“備忘錄”:把自己的病史、用藥、過敏史寫在手機備忘錄里,說不清時直接給醫生看。
四、檢查與化驗:“抽血”“X光”怎么說?別讓醫生的指示成“天書”
核心痛點:醫生說“Need a blood test”“Go for an X-ray”,不知道去哪、要準備什么,甚至聽不懂“空腹”“憋尿”這些要求。
常見檢查英文+注意事項
檢查項目 | 英文 | 醫生常說的指示 |
---|---|---|
抽血 | Blood test | “Please fast for 8 hours before the test.”(檢查前空腹8小時) |
X光 | X-ray | “Stand still and don’t breathe.”(站好,別呼吸) |
B超 | Ultrasound | “Drink 500ml water and don’t pee before the test.”(檢查前喝500ml水,別排尿) |
心電圖 | ECG/EKG | “Lie down and relax your arms.”(躺下,放松手臂) |
實用對話示例
Doctor:I need you to do a blood test and a chest X-ray.
(你需要抽血和拍胸片。)
Patient:Okay. Where should I go?
(好的,去哪里做?)
Doctor:Go to the lab on the second floor. The X-ray department is next to it.
(去二樓的化驗室,X光科就在旁邊。)
Patient:Do I need to prepare anything? Like fasting?
(需要準備什么嗎?比如空腹?)
Doctor:Yes, the blood test requires fasting. Have you eaten today?
(對,抽血需要空腹。今天吃東西了嗎?)
Patient:No, I haven’t eaten since last night.
(沒有,昨晚到現在沒吃。)
必學句型
Where is the [檢查項目] department?([檢查項目]科在哪里?)
Do I need to [準備事項] before the test?(檢查前需要[準備事項]嗎?)
How long will the results take?(結果要多久出來?)
避坑指南
問清楚“先后順序”:有些檢查有順序要求(比如先抽血再做B超),別跑錯流程。
留好單據:檢查單、收據都收好,復診時醫生可能要看。
五、開藥與醫囑:別拿了藥就走,這3個問題必須問
核心痛點:拿到藥瓶看不懂英文說明,不知道“一天吃幾次”“飯前還是飯后”,甚至不知道“副作用”是什么,回家后只能瞎吃。
拿藥時必問的3個問題(附英文)
1. 怎么吃?(用法用量)
How often should I take this?(一天吃幾次?)
Should I take it before or after meals?(飯前還是飯后吃?)
How many pills each time?(一次吃幾片?)
2. 有什么副作用?(避免踩坑)
Are there any side effects?(有副作用嗎?)
What should I do if I feel dizzy after taking it?(吃完頭暈怎么辦?)
3. 生活上要注意什么?(醫囑)
Do I need to avoid any food?(需要忌口嗎?)
Can I exercise while taking this medicine?(吃藥期間能運動嗎?)
實用對話示例
Pharmacist:Here’s your prescription. Take the white pills twice a day.
(這是你的藥。白色藥片一天吃兩次。)
Patient:Twice a day, okay. Before or after meals?
(一天兩次,好的。飯前還是飯后?)
Pharmacist:After meals. And the red ones are for pain—only take them if the pain is severe.
(飯后。紅色的是止痛藥,只有疼得厲害時吃。)
Patient:Any side effects? Like drowsiness?
(有副作用嗎?比如犯困?)
Pharmacist:Yes, you might feel a little sleepy. Don’t drive after taking the red pills.
(會,可能有點困。吃紅色藥片后別開車。)
避坑指南
讓藥劑師寫下來:如果記不住,說“Could you write the dosage on the bottle?”(能把用量寫在瓶子上嗎?),不怕忘。
問“替代品”:如果覺得藥太貴,說“Is there a generic version?”(有仿制藥嗎?),省錢又實用。
六、復診與后續:“沒好”“加重了”怎么說?別耽誤治療
核心痛點:吃完藥沒效果,想再約醫生,卻不知道怎么說“癥狀沒緩解”,或者醫生說“Follow-up in a week”,不知道“follow-up”是啥意思。
復診時的關鍵表達
1. 約復診
I need to make a follow-up appointment.(我要約復診。)
My symptoms haven’t improved. Can I see the doctor again?(癥狀沒好轉,能再看一次醫生嗎?)
2. 描述恢復情況
The pain is better, but I still have a cough.(疼痛好多了,但還是咳嗽。)
It got worse—now I have a rash on my arms.(更嚴重了,現在胳膊上起疹子了。)
3. 問后續安排
Do I need another test?(需要再做檢查嗎?)
How long should I keep taking the medicine?(這藥要吃多久?)
實用對話示例
Patient:Hi, I saw Dr. Lee last week for a stomachache. I took the medicine, but it still hurts. Can I make a follow-up?
(你好,我上周找李醫生看胃痛。吃了藥還是疼,能約復診嗎?)
Receptionist:Sure. Dr. Lee is available tomorrow afternoon. Is 2 PM okay?
(可以。李醫生明天下午有空,2點可以嗎?)
Patient:Yes, that works. Should I bring the test results from last week?
(可以。需要帶上周的檢查結果嗎?)
Receptionist:Yes, please bring all your medical records.
(對,請帶上所有病歷。)
避坑指南
記錄“癥狀變化”:用手機備忘錄簡單記一下“哪天開始好轉/加重”“吃了藥有沒有反應”,復診時醫生問起來能說清楚。
別害羞問“為什么”:如果醫生說“需要再觀察”,可以問“Why is that?”(為什么呢?),了解自己的病情沒什么不好意思的。
其實,就醫英語溝通的核心不是“說得有多流利”,而是“把關鍵信息傳達到位”。記住這些場景和句型,提前在腦子里“演練”一遍,下次見醫生時,你會發現——原來用英語看病,也沒那么可怕。
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